--- name: azure-messaging-webpubsub-java description: "Build real-time web applications with Azure Web PubSub SDK for Java. Use when implementing WebSocket-based messaging, live updates, chat applications, or server-to-client push notifications." risk: unknown source: community date_added: "2026-02-27" --- # Azure Web PubSub SDK for Java Build real-time web applications using the Azure Web PubSub SDK for Java. ## Installation ```xml com.azure azure-messaging-webpubsub 1.5.0 ``` ## Client Creation ### With Connection String ```java import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.WebPubSubServiceClient; import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder; WebPubSubServiceClient client = new WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder() .connectionString("") .hub("chat") .buildClient(); ``` ### With Access Key ```java import com.azure.core.credential.AzureKeyCredential; WebPubSubServiceClient client = new WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder() .credential(new AzureKeyCredential("")) .endpoint("") .hub("chat") .buildClient(); ``` ### With DefaultAzureCredential ```java import com.azure.identity.DefaultAzureCredentialBuilder; WebPubSubServiceClient client = new WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder() .credential(new DefaultAzureCredentialBuilder().build()) .endpoint("") .hub("chat") .buildClient(); ``` ### Async Client ```java import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.WebPubSubServiceAsyncClient; WebPubSubServiceAsyncClient asyncClient = new WebPubSubServiceClientBuilder() .connectionString("") .hub("chat") .buildAsyncClient(); ``` ## Key Concepts - **Hub**: Logical isolation unit for connections - **Group**: Subset of connections within a hub - **Connection**: Individual WebSocket client connection - **User**: Entity that can have multiple connections ## Core Patterns ### Send to All Connections ```java import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.models.WebPubSubContentType; // Send text message client.sendToAll("Hello everyone!", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN); // Send JSON String jsonMessage = "{\"type\": \"notification\", \"message\": \"New update!\"}"; client.sendToAll(jsonMessage, WebPubSubContentType.APPLICATION_JSON); ``` ### Send to All with Filter ```java import com.azure.core.http.rest.RequestOptions; import com.azure.core.util.BinaryData; BinaryData message = BinaryData.fromString("Hello filtered users!"); // Filter by userId client.sendToAllWithResponse( message, WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN, message.getLength(), new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("filter", "userId ne 'user1'")); // Filter by groups client.sendToAllWithResponse( message, WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN, message.getLength(), new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("filter", "'GroupA' in groups and not('GroupB' in groups)")); ``` ### Send to Group ```java // Send to all connections in a group client.sendToGroup("java-developers", "Hello Java devs!", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN); // Send JSON to group String json = "{\"event\": \"update\", \"data\": {\"version\": \"2.0\"}}"; client.sendToGroup("subscribers", json, WebPubSubContentType.APPLICATION_JSON); ``` ### Send to Specific Connection ```java // Send to a specific connection by ID client.sendToConnection("connectionId123", "Private message", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN); ``` ### Send to User ```java // Send to all connections for a specific user client.sendToUser("andy", "Hello Andy!", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN); ``` ### Manage Groups ```java // Add connection to group client.addConnectionToGroup("premium-users", "connectionId123"); // Remove connection from group client.removeConnectionFromGroup("premium-users", "connectionId123"); // Add user to group (all their connections) client.addUserToGroup("admin-group", "userId456"); // Remove user from group client.removeUserFromGroup("admin-group", "userId456"); // Check if user is in group boolean exists = client.userExistsInGroup("admin-group", "userId456"); ``` ### Manage Connections ```java // Check if connection exists boolean connected = client.connectionExists("connectionId123"); // Close a connection client.closeConnection("connectionId123"); // Close with reason client.closeConnection("connectionId123", "Session expired"); // Check if user exists (has any connections) boolean userOnline = client.userExists("userId456"); // Close all connections for a user client.closeUserConnections("userId456"); // Close all connections in a group client.closeGroupConnections("inactive-group"); ``` ### Generate Client Access Token ```java import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.models.GetClientAccessTokenOptions; import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.models.WebPubSubClientAccessToken; // Basic token WebPubSubClientAccessToken token = client.getClientAccessToken( new GetClientAccessTokenOptions()); System.out.println("URL: " + token.getUrl()); // With user ID WebPubSubClientAccessToken userToken = client.getClientAccessToken( new GetClientAccessTokenOptions().setUserId("user123")); // With roles (permissions) WebPubSubClientAccessToken roleToken = client.getClientAccessToken( new GetClientAccessTokenOptions() .setUserId("user123") .addRole("webpubsub.joinLeaveGroup") .addRole("webpubsub.sendToGroup")); // With groups to join on connect WebPubSubClientAccessToken groupToken = client.getClientAccessToken( new GetClientAccessTokenOptions() .setUserId("user123") .addGroup("announcements") .addGroup("updates")); // With custom expiration WebPubSubClientAccessToken expToken = client.getClientAccessToken( new GetClientAccessTokenOptions() .setUserId("user123") .setExpiresAfter(Duration.ofHours(2))); ``` ### Grant/Revoke Permissions ```java import com.azure.messaging.webpubsub.models.WebPubSubPermission; // Grant permission to send to a group client.grantPermission( WebPubSubPermission.SEND_TO_GROUP, "connectionId123", new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("targetName", "chat-room")); // Revoke permission client.revokePermission( WebPubSubPermission.SEND_TO_GROUP, "connectionId123", new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("targetName", "chat-room")); // Check permission boolean hasPermission = client.checkPermission( WebPubSubPermission.SEND_TO_GROUP, "connectionId123", new RequestOptions().addQueryParam("targetName", "chat-room")); ``` ### Async Operations ```java asyncClient.sendToAll("Async message!", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN) .subscribe( unused -> System.out.println("Message sent"), error -> System.err.println("Error: " + error.getMessage()) ); asyncClient.sendToGroup("developers", "Group message", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN) .doOnSuccess(v -> System.out.println("Sent to group")) .doOnError(e -> System.err.println("Failed: " + e)) .subscribe(); ``` ## Error Handling ```java import com.azure.core.exception.HttpResponseException; try { client.sendToConnection("invalid-id", "test", WebPubSubContentType.TEXT_PLAIN); } catch (HttpResponseException e) { System.out.println("Status: " + e.getResponse().getStatusCode()); System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage()); } ``` ## Environment Variables ```bash WEB_PUBSUB_CONNECTION_STRING=Endpoint=https://.webpubsub.azure.com;AccessKey=... WEB_PUBSUB_ENDPOINT=https://.webpubsub.azure.com WEB_PUBSUB_ACCESS_KEY= ``` ## Client Roles | Role | Permission | |------|------------| | `webpubsub.joinLeaveGroup` | Join/leave any group | | `webpubsub.sendToGroup` | Send to any group | | `webpubsub.joinLeaveGroup.` | Join/leave specific group | | `webpubsub.sendToGroup.` | Send to specific group | ## Best Practices 1. **Use Groups**: Organize connections into groups for targeted messaging 2. **User IDs**: Associate connections with user IDs for user-level messaging 3. **Token Expiration**: Set appropriate token expiration for security 4. **Roles**: Grant minimal required permissions via roles 5. **Hub Isolation**: Use separate hubs for different application features 6. **Connection Management**: Clean up inactive connections ## Trigger Phrases - "Web PubSub Java" - "WebSocket messaging Azure" - "real-time push notifications" - "server-sent events" - "chat application backend" - "live updates broadcasting" ## When to Use This skill is applicable to execute the workflow or actions described in the overview. ## Limitations - Use this skill only when the task clearly matches the scope described above. - Do not treat the output as a substitute for environment-specific validation, testing, or expert review. - Stop and ask for clarification if required inputs, permissions, safety boundaries, or success criteria are missing.

azure-messaging-webpubsub-java

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azure-messaging-webpubsub-java

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